安东尼(前82/81～西元前30年)
Antony, Mark
拉丁语作Marcus Antonius
古代罗马将军。在结束了一段军旅生涯（西元前57～西元前54年）後，安东尼成为凯撒的幕僚。西元前49年协助凯撒将庞培逐出义大利，西元前44年出任护民官。凯撒遇刺後，屋大维（後来的奥古斯都）开始反对安东尼，但後来他和安东尼组成第二个後三头政治（Triumvirate）。在他的协助下击败了共和国的势力，并主管东方各行省。他在赴埃及探就埃及女王克丽奥佩脱拉对罗马的忠诚时，成为她的情夫（西元前41～西元前40年）。他於西元前40年回到义大利，与屋大维重归於好，而且获得东方行省的指挥权。为了强化自己权力而与屋大维的妹妹屋大维亚（Octavia）结婚。在与屋大维亚的关系破裂後，安东尼前往叙利亚，并寻求克丽奥佩脱拉的援助，屋大维将屋大维亚送至他手上，但安东尼命令她背叛罗马，裂痕於焉产生。西元前32年，後三头政治结束，安东尼在罗马得到的支持很少。他与屋大维亚正式离婚，屋大维向克丽奥佩脱拉宣战。安东尼在亚克兴战役战败後，和克丽奥佩脱拉逃回埃及。由於看出抵抗无望，双双自尽。
English version：
前82/81～西元前30年
Antony, Mark
Roman general. After military service (57-54), he joined the staff of his relative Julius Caesar. He helped Caesar drive Pompey from Italy in 49, and in 44 was made co-consul. After Caesar's assassination, Octavian (later Augustus) initially opposed Antony, but later formed the Second Triumvirate with Antony and Lepidus. Antony helped defeat republican forces at Philippi and took control of Rome's eastern provinces. On a mission to Egypt to question Cleopatra about her loyalty, he became her lover (41-40). He returned to Italy in 40 to settle differences with Octavian, whereupon he received command of the eastern provinces. To strengthen his position, he agreed to marry Octavian's sister Octavia. When relations with Octavian again collapsed, he headed for Syria and sent for Cleopatra for aid. Octavian sent Octavia to him, and when Antony ordered her back to Rome a fatal breach opened. The triumvirate ended in 32, leaving Antony little support in Rome. He divorced Octavia, and Octavian declared war on Cleopatra. Antony lost the Battle of Actium, and he and Cleopatra fled to Egypt pursued by Octavian. When resistance became futile, they committed suicide.